بسم الله الرحمن الرحي م
Adab Aur Fiqh Ders
2022/01/11, Ders 23
Fehrist:
★ Salatul Janaza farz e kifayah- فرض كفا ية -hai.
★ Janazah ki Namaz ke arkan -أركان –
★ Janazah ki Namaz ke Shart -شرط –
★ Janazah ki Namaz ke liye Imam.
★ Muezzin ka ailaan karana
★ Janazah ki Namaz ke 4
★ Bacche ya Na-samajh(dimagi tor pe) Insan ka Janazah
★ Agar che aap Janazah ki Namaz ke liye late hojaye
★ Agar che waha bahot sarey Janazah maujud ho
★ Naye paida hue Baccho ke liye.
Bismillahi Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim. Tariqatuna as-sohba wal khayru fil jam’iyya.
Allah aap sab ko lambi umar(hayat) aur sehat aur khushiyon se nawaze. Aur jab hum marey, Humara kha’tima Iman aur Islam par ho. Bismillahi Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim.
Pichli bar hum Janaza ke barey me baat kar rahe the: Mayyat ka nehlana aur kafan kaisa karey. Aaj, hum log Salatul Janaza صلاة الجنازة, Janazah ki namaz, funeral ki namaz ki baat karenge. Funeral
matlab janazah aur ye ek ist’ara bhi hai jo murda shaqs ka hawala deta hai. Salatul Janaza fard Kifayah- فرض كفاية hai. Fard matlab farz aur kifayah ka matlab hai ki, agar biradari ke kuch log ne bhi farz ada kiya, phir baaki biradari ke log us farz se azaad hai. Lekin agar kisi ne bhi ye farz ada nahi kiya, phir sab ko iski pooch hogi. Isliye Janaza ki namaz, salatul janazah fard kifayah hai. Kyunki, beshak aap sabko Janaza ki namaz ke liye ek-khatta nahi kar sakte har shaqs ke liye jo marta hai.
Jab aap paida hote ho, aapke liye azaan aur iqamat kyu padha jata hai? Ye azaan aapke janaze ki azaan hoti hai, aur iqama bhi aapke janaze ki namaz ki iqamat hai, salatul Janazah ki. Allah aapko lambi hayat de! Lekin jab hamara waqt ayega, hum kafan me honge logon ke samne, tab wo azaan nahi denge aur wo iqamat nahi karenge Janazah ki namaz ke liye. Kyunki aapki azan aur iqamat pehle padh chuke hai, jab aap naye paida hue the. Musalmano ki riwayat ke mutabiq, azaan aur iqamat har naye paida hue bacche ke liye padhni chahiye.
Janaze ki namaz ke arkan-أركان ,farz hisse 2 hai: chaar (4) takbeer, khade rehte. Ye namaz hai. Yaha Shartein bhi hai jo marey hue shaqs ke pas honi chahiye taaki salatul Janaza durust ho. Pehli, salatul Janazah padhne ke liye, mara hua shaqs musalman hona chahiye. Aur dusri, saaf hona(pak hona) gusul karana aur kafan pehnaana. Lekin ek Shaheed ke liye gusul karana ya kafan me dalna zaruri nahi. Shaheedon ke liye- jo jung ke dauran marte hai- RasoolAllah صلى الله عليه وسلمne farmaye hai: ‘Bas unke kapde unke upar rakhey aur unhe dafna de unke kapdo ke sath’. Aur teesra cheez ye hai ki taboot logon ke
samne rahein, na peechein, na beech mein. Aur chouthi, us shaqs ke jism ka waha maujood hona zaruri hai. Ya agar koi hadsa hua ho ya kuch, jism ka zyada tar taboot me hona chahiye.
Aur paanchvi shart ye hai ki jo log Janazah ki namaz padh rahe hai wo log khade rahege; na baithe hue, na ghoomtey hue, jab tak unke pas wajah na ho. Unhe Janaza ke samne khada hona hai, mayyat. Aur Chatti shart taboot ko mustahkum zameen par rakhne ki hai, na koi hilti hui cheez par, na hi koi janwar par; jab tak, tab tak bahot zyada baarish ya mitti aapko zameen par rakhne ki ijazat na de. Phir, theek hai aap aisi hilti hui kisi cheez par rakh de. Warna, zameen jaha taboot rakhi jaye mustahkum ho.
Yaha Turkey me, Cyprus mein, Masjid ke saamne unke pas hamesha jagah hoti hai jaha wo taboot rakhte hai, ye ek mazboot jagah hai aur wo bas Qibla ki taraf(rukh) rakhte hai, Un log ke saamne jo Janazah padh rahe hai. Chunache ye 6 shartein hai jo poori honi chahiye Salatul Janaza ke hone ke liye.
Imam saamne khada hota hai. Saamne khada shaqs sabse munasib hona chahiye, Jo Sultan hai par jaisa aap jantey hai, aapko Sultan milenge nahi aur ye Darjah bandi mein neeche neeche neeche jaa rahe hai. Agar Sultan nahi toh Vazir ho, agar vazir na ho toh Qadi(Qazi) ho, ya ek accha aalim jo Quran jaanta ho, ya masjid ke imam, ya koi bahot Ilm wala(jaanne wala). Ya agar marey hue shaqs ki wasihat ho ki falah shaqs unke liye ye namaz padhaye, aur agar Imam qubul karte hai toh wo shaqs fir Janazah ki namaz padhaega us marey hue shaqs ke liye.
Turkey mein, Muezzin(jo azan, iqama aur namaz ke darmiyan ki tasbih padhta hai), wo ailan karta hai: ‘Hum ye Salatul Janaza admi ke liye padh rahe hai’ ya ‘Hum ye Salatul Janazah aurat ke liye padh rahe hai’, ya ‘Hum ye Salatul Janazah bacche ke liye padh rahe hai’. Aur wo ye ailan zor ki awaz mein karta hai: ‘Qible ki taraf(ruk)karke khade ho jaye, apni line banaye, Salatul Janazah ki niyyat karle Imam ke peeche’. Aur wo nasihat dete hai isey kaisey padhna hai. Par aksar, kyunki hum Hanafi hai- Hanafiyo ke liye Jab Imam padhte hai, hum nahi padhte, hum bas imam ki pairvi kartey hai takbeero ke sath. Lekin hum seekh sakte hai ki Janazah ki namaz me kya padhein.
Muezzin ke kehne ke bad: ‘Imam ki pairvi karey, jo Salatul Janazah ki imamat kar raha hai Admi ki, Aurat ki, ya bacche ki’, wo nasihat karte hai Salatul Janazah kaise padhe. Iski 4 takbeer hai. Toh, jab Imam taboot ke samne khade hote hai, ye sunnat hai ki taboot seene (chaati) ki oonchayi tak ho. Bahot sari masjidon mein Taboot rakhne ki ek jagah hoti hai kyunki ye sunnat hai. Agar aapko jagah na miley toh aap zamin par rakh sakte hai lekin sunnat ye hai ki thodi oonchayi ho taaki Jab Imam khadey ho toh unke seene ki oonchayi tak pahoche.
Pehle Imam kehte hai: ‘Allahu Akbar’, Ye pehli takbeer hai. Phir hum ye padhte hai: ‘Subhanaka Allahumma wa bi hamdika waa tabaraka ismuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa jalla thana’uka wa la ilaha ghayruka
-سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك وتبارك إاسمك و تعالى جدك و جل ثناؤك ولا اله غيرك
Phir, Imam dusri takbeer karenge: ‘Allahu Akbar’. Shafi’i mazhab mein unhe apne hath phir se upar karna hota hai(jab wo takbeer kehte hai), lekin Hanafi mazhab mein hum sirf pehli takbeer ke waqt apne hath upar karte hai. Toh dusri ke sath jab Imam Allahu Akbar kahein, hum bas ‘Allahu Akbar’ kahenge phir se Imam ke sath.
Phir dusri takbeer ke sath, (Imam) padhenge: ‘Allahumma ṣalli ʿala Muḥammadin wa ʿala ‘aali Muḥammad wa sallim, kama ṣallayta ʿala Ibrahima wa ʿala ‘aali Ibrahima, wa barik ʿala Muḥammadin wa ʿala ‘aali Muḥammadin, kama barakta ʿala Ibrahima wa ʿala ‘aali Ibrahim fil ʿalamin innaka Ḥamidun Majeed
-اللهم صلي على محمدٍوعلى آلِ محمدٍ وسلم،كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم
وبارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم في العالمين إنك حميدٌحميد.
Ye hai dusri takbeer.
Teesri takbeer ke bad, ek khas dua hai: ‘Allahumma ighfir li mayyitina wa hayyina wa hadhirina wa gha’ibina wa dhakrana wa unthana- . اللهم إغفرلميتناوحييناوحاضرناوغا ئبناوذكرناو أ نثا نا Aur ye bhi: ‘Allahumma ighfir lahu wa arhamhu wa ‘afihi wa ‘afuw anhu wa akrim nuzulahu wa wasi’ madkhalahu wa aghsilu bil ma’ wa ath-thalj wal barad wa naqqihi min al-khataya kama yunaqqa al-thawb al-abyad min ad-danath. Wa abdiluhu daaran khayran min daarihi wa ahlan khayran min ahlihi wa zawjan khayran min pzawjihi wa adkhilhu al-jannata wa ‘aidh-hu min adhaab al-qabar wa adhaab an-naar
– اللهم إغفرله وارحمه و عافيه واعفوعن ه واكرام ن زلَه و وسِ ع مدخله واغسِ له بالماء والثلج والبردونقه من الخطايا كما ينقى الثوب الأبيض من
الدنس. و ابدله دار ا خيرا من دارِهِ وأهل خيرا من أهلِ ه وزوج ا خيرا من زوجِ هِوادخله الجنة واعذه من عذاب القبروعذاب النار.
Ye dua hai, aur bhi alag duaein hai.
Chouthi takbeer ke liye, hum kahe ‘Allahu Akbar’ Imam ke sath, phir wo salam pherte hai ‘salamun alaykum’ seedhi(daai) taraf aur ‘salamun alaykum’ baai taraf aur padhe: ‘Allahumma ighfir li ahyana wa arham mawtana wa ashfi mardhana. Fatiha- اللهم اغفرلأحيائناوارحم موتاناواشفي مرضانا،الفاتحة. Ye namaz ke bad wo Fatiha padhte hai. Namaz mukammal ho gayi, na ruku’ aur na sajda.
Hum Janaza ki namaz mein Quran nahi padhte. Hum pehli takbeer ke bad ‘Subhanaka…’ padhte hai. Dusri takbeer ke bad, hum Duriod e Ibrahim padhte hai. Teesri takbeer ke bad ek dua hai murda shaqs ke liye aur chouthi takbeer ke bad hum bas salam pherte hai. Ye namaz hai.
Aur hamari riwayat me, tyrkish riwayat mein, Imam poochte hai: ‘aap is shaqs ko kaise jante hai?’ Phir sab Jama’ah, saari biradari jo Janaza namaz ke liye aayi hai, kehte hai: ‘Hum isey jante hai ki wo accha ya acchi hai’. Aur phir Imam Jamat se inteqal hue shaqs ko muaf karne kehte hai ye kehkar: ‘Hakkini helat et’- aapke is shaqs par jo bhi huquq ho usey muaaf kar de. Toh wo kehte hai: ‘Helal Olsun’ – iska matlab hai humne inhe muaaf kiya aur hum Qayamat ke din inse apne huquq nahi poochenge. Chunache ye hai Janazeki namaz(Salatul Janazah).
Kisi Bacche ya deewane ki Namaz e Janaza ke liye, teesri takbeer ke bad ki dua ke bajaye ek choti dua hai: ‘Allahumma ja’alahu lana faratan wa aj’alhu lana ajran wa dukhran wa aj’alhu lana shafi’an mushaff’an-
اللهم اجعله لنا فرطأ و اجعله لنا أجرأ و ذخر ا و اجعله لنا شفيع ا مشفعا . Kisi bacche ya deewane shaqs ki marne par aap ye dua padhenge kyunki bacche apne walidain(ammi,abba) ki shafa’at karte hai aur deewane apne gharwalo ki Shafa’at karte hai. Musalman bacche aur deewane log Jannat me hote hai aur unke pas mauka hota hai apne gharwalo ki Shafa’at karne ka. Chunache ye dua poochna hai: Bargah e Ilahi mein, inhe hamare liye a’itmad banaye aur hamare liye Shafa’at ka zariya banaye.
Ye saari dua, inhe padhna Sunnat hai, farz nahi. Toh agarche aap isey na padh sake aur sirf Takbeer karey, toh theek hai.
Agar aapko Namaz e Janaza ke liye der ho jaye, aapko pehli takbeer nahi mili, aap Imam ke dusre takbeer karne ka intezar karey. Aap Janazah ki namaz me do takbeer ke darmiyan nahi jaa sakte, ye aam namaz ki tarah nahi hai. Janazah ki namaz ke sath, agar Imam ‘Allahu Akbar’ kahein aur aap ‘Allahu Akbar’ tak nahi pahoche Imam ke sath, phir aap unki dusri/agli takbeer ka intezar karey. Aur phir jab Imam ka mukammal ho jaye, (aap mukammal kare) jo bhi takbeer reh gayi, aap bas kahein ‘Allahu Akbar’, ‘Allahu Akbar’ aur phir aap salam pherey bad mein.
Agarche ek se zyada Janazah maujud ho, phir har ek liye alag se padhna behtar hai, aur jo Janazah pehle tayyar ho uspe aap pehle padhe. Aur agar bahot sarey Janazah ek hi waqt par tayyar ho jaye, phir aap ehteram kartey hai, Namaz e Janaza ki tarteeb me marhoom ne hasil kiya darjah bandi; ek bada shaqs, chotey se pehle aur ek sheikh, aam admi se pehle, Masalan.
Kabhi kabhi, agar bahot sarey Janazah maujud ho, jaisa ki Haram Sharif mein, wo sarey ek ke bad ek nahi padhte. Phir, aapko inhe Qible ki rukh ek qataar me rakhna hai aur Imam inke saamne khade
honge. Taboot jo Imam ke sabse nazdeek ho wo aadmi ki ho phir bacche ki phir khunta خ ن ثى (hijda) aur aaqir me aurat ka. Phir Imam Salatul Janazah ‘ala Mawtah صلاة الجنازة على موتاح ki niyyat karenge murdon pe.
Aksar Janaza ko masjid ke bahar rakha jata hai aur saarey log, poori jamat farz namaz khatm karne ke bad, bahar jate hai aur Janazah ki namaz padhte hai bahar masjid ke saamne.
Janazah ki namaz kiske liye padhte hai? Aap isey sab musalman ke liye padhte hai, badey ya chotey. Unke liye bhi jinhone khudkhushi ki ho. Aap gusul karaoge, kafan pehnaoge aur Janazah ki namaz bhi padhoge.
Naye Paida hue Baccho ke liye bhi, agar aap ne mehsoos kiya ke wo marne se pehle saans le rahe the- agar wo zinda paida hue aur aapne zindagi ki koi nishani dekhi ho unke marne se pehle ek ya do minute ke liye- aise hala’at me bacche ka naam rakhey, gusul de, kafan pehnaye aur Salatul Janazah bhi padhe. Lekin agar baccha mara hua paida ho,phir bas gusul aur kafan pehnaye aur dafna dein, marey hue baccho ki Janazah namaz nahi hoti. Lekin agar wo paida ho aur zindagi ki koi nishani dikhaye aur fauran mar jaye, toh aap unhe naam donge, gusul aur kafan karoge aur Janazah namaz padhoge is bacche ke liye.
Aur agar koi musalman ka gaer musalman rishtedar ho(jo mar jaye), unke liye Salatul Janazah nahi hogi lekin aap unhe nehlaye aur kafan pehnaye, par muslaman ke kafan ki tarah nahi- ( aap unhe unke riwayat ke hisab se pehnaye). Aur aap unhe musalman ki tarah nahi dafnaege, par unke riwayat ke hisab se ya unhe unke aqide ke log ko de unka (kafan-dafan) Janaza karne.
Wa min Allahi at-tawfeeq
Fatiha
🕋