Adab Aur Fiqh Ders
بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم
درس فقه و أدب
2022/08/24, Ders 31 – Salam ke Aadaab
Fehrist:
★ Salam ke ma’iney
★ Agar koi khaane ke waqt andar aaye aur Salam naa karey
★ Salam kaise karey
★ Salam kisey shuru karna chahiye?
★ Salam kisey nahi karna chahiye
★ Gair musalman ko Salam kaise karey
★ Salam ke barey mein Hadith.
A’udhu billahi min ash-shaytaan ar-rajeem. Bismillahi Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim. Tariqatuna as-sohba wal khayru fil
jam’iyya. Bismillahi Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim. Madad Ya Sayyidi, Ya Rasul Allah, Ya Sheikh Nazim Adil Al-Rabbani…
Mawlana(Hamare Shaykhon) ki barakat se, Mawlana Shaykh Nazim Aur Mawlana Shaykh Muhammad, In Shaa Allah aaj hum acche akhlaq / adaab, ek musalman se dusre musalman, ek momin se dusre momin ke barey mein baat karege.
Mujhe hamesha ghussa aata hai jab log bina ‘Salamu Alaikum’ kahe andaraa jatey hai. Salam Allah ke naamon mein se ek hai, aur Allah ne isey duniya mein daala hai. RasoolAllah ﷺ ki ek Hadis sharif
hai, “as-salamism min asma`ullah wadhahu-Llah fi l-ard fa afshu- “السالم إسم من أسماء الله وادهو الله في الأرض فافشوه” iska matlab Allah ka ek naam Salam hai aur Allah ne isey zameen par bheja hai, duniya ko baantne ko. Aapko isey aapas mein phailana hai.
Jab Allah ne Hazrat Adam(as) ko paida farmaya Allah ne unhe farishto ke pas bheja aur unse kaha unlog se kehne ‘Assalamu alaikum’ and unlogo ne kaha ‘Wa alaikum assalam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu’. Fir un logo ne do aur hisse kahe, rahmah aur barkat ke; ‘rahmat aur barkat aappar’. Agar aapke pas kisi cheez mein barakat ho iska matlab hai ye aur bhi zyada se zyada achai ke sath badti rahegi.
Allah Azza wa Jalla ne Adam (as) aur Bani Adam/ Adam ki aulad ko ye 1 pehle din se ata ki. Salam dene,“Salamu Alaikum” kehna sunnat hai; lekin “Wa Alaikum Assalam”kehna farz hai, kyuki Allah Azza wa Jalla ne Salam ka jawab dene ka huqm diya hai. Ye Farz e Kifayah hai jiska matlab hai ki agar community(bira’dari) se ek shaqs ne bhi aakar kaha ‘Salamu Alaikum’ aur ek shaqs ne jawab diya ‘Wa Alaikum Assalam’ toh ye kaafi hai sab ke liye. Agar kisi ne bhi iska jawab nahi diya , toh saari jamat par ye Salam wajib al ada hai us shaks pe jo andar aaya tha. RasoolAllah ﷺfarmatey hai, agar Salam ka koi jawab na de, toh koi jo us shaks se behtar ho, matlab farishtey, ya Allah Azza wa Jalla is shaks ko iskey darje ke mutabiq wapas karta hai.
Jab aap ek jagah par aao baat karne se pehle Salam kaho. ‘Assalamu alaikum,’ ‘Wa alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu’ phir aap baat karna shuru karey. Jab aap darwaza kholkar ghar ke andar aao aap Assalamu alaikum kahey agarche ghar ke andar koi na bhi ho, phir ghar me maujood farishte ya Qarin Salam detey hai aur agar ghar mein shaitan ho toh bhaag jata hai. Agar aap khaane par baithe ho aur koi andar aata hai bina Salam karey, aap is shaks ko aap ke sath khane ki dawat na de. Ye RasoolAllah ﷺki Hadis sharif se hai. Pehle Salam aur phir , jab aap Salam karey aap keh saktey hai “aaye sath khane”. Agar wo Salam na de, aap unhe khane na bulaye, ye Maine aaj seekha.
Mujhe ghussa aata hai agar log andar aaye aur Salam na karey. Ye bahot buri aadat hai aur ab ye Musalmano mein aam ho gayi hai. Bura lagta ye kehte hue, lekin hamare pas bahot se log aatey hai dergah par aur wo Salam nahi kehte, wo bas aitraf ghoomte hai aur jab poocha jaye ke wo Salam kyu nahi karte hai toh wo bura maan jatey hai. Ye accha adab nahi hai.
Aap koi bhi jagah jao aapko Salam karna chahiye. RasoolAllah ﷺke Sahaba ek dusre se muqabla karte the Salam karne.
Jab aap kahi jagah par jaao aur Salam karo aur tab tak andar naa jao jab tak andar bulaya na jaye. Ek martaba, ek Sahaba andar agaye bina Salam kiye aur RasoolAllah ﷺse guftagu karna shuru kar diya. RasoolAllah ﷺne unse bahar jakar fir andar aane kaha, Salam kehkar fir baat karne farmaya. Salam karne ke baad aap jo chaho kar sakte ho. Jab aap kisi ke ghar jao aur andar bulaye jao, aap aao, agar nahi, toh naa jao. Ye Quran e Karim mein bhi hai.
Jo Sawari par ho unhe chalte hue ko Salam karna chahiye, Jo Chal rahey ho unhe Baithe hue log ko Salam karna chahiye, Jo baithe hai unhe letey hue ko Salam karna chahiye. Umr mein chotey log apne se bado ko Salam karna chahiye. Chota majma(small group) bade majme(bigger group) ko Salam karna chahiye. Iske alawa, ye sharait hai ki Aadmi Aurat ko Salam keh sakte hai, lekin Aurat ko Aadmi ko Salam detey hue nahi shuru karna chahiye. Ek Admi aurto ke majme ko Salam kar sakta hai. Ek martaba, RasoolAllah ﷺek aurto ke majme ke pas se guzar rahe the aur Aap ﷺne unhe Salam kiye. Aurton ko ek dusre ko Salam karna chahiye, par Admi ko nahi.
Aap gair musalman se Salam kehte nahi shuru karoge. Agar wo Salam karey toh aap kahey ‘wa alaikum’. Baaz waqt Jewish log RasoolAllah ﷺ ke pas aatey aur ‘as-sam alaik,’ kehte, iska matlab hai ‘maut aap par’, naa ki salam, salamati aap par. Isiliye RasoolAllah ﷺ ne unse farmaya ‘wa alaikum, aap par bhi’, sirf ek alfaz. Ek martaba, Hazrat e Aisha (ra) ne ye suna aur wo itna ghussa hui aur
kehne lage ‘wa alaikum as -sam‘ lekin RasoolAllah ﷺne unse aisa na kehne kaha aur sirf ye kehne ‘wa alaikum’. Ye bhi seekhne ke liye hai, isliye, gair musalman ko Salam wapas na karo agar wo aapko Salam karey.
Jab aap kabrastan jao, murdo ko salam karo par ‘Assalamu Alaikum’ se shuru mat karo. Aapko kehna hai ‘Alaikum Assalam’, kyuki wo jawab nahi de sakte. Agar aap koi jagah par jane wale ho aapko Assalamu Alaikum kehna chahiye aur Alaikum Assalam se shuru nahi karna chahiye, ye sirf kabrastan me daaqil hone ke liye hai jab aap buzurg ya murdo ko salam karey.
Salam ki dusri Sharait ye hai ki aap un shaks ko Salam na karey jo toilet mein ho ya hamam mein nahane wale shaks ko, ya munsib tariqe se libas na pehne hue ko, jab tak wo hamam se bahar na ajaye aur munsib tarah se libas na pahen le kyuki waha farishte maujud hote hai.
Ek aur cheez, ek martaba ek Sahaba, ek naye musalman RasoolAllah ﷺ ke pas aaye aur poocha ke kya karna sabse behtarin cheezo mein se ek hai. Aap ﷺ ne jawab farmaya ki wo sabko Salam karna hai, aap jisey jantey ho ya na jantey ho, logon ko khilao aur raat mein ibadat karo jab sab sotey hai [phir
aap Jannat mein sukoon se daakhil hongey.] (Tirmidhi) أفشوا السالم، وأطعموا الطعام، وصلوا بالليل والناس نيام، تدخلوا الجنة بسالم
Iske alawa, RasoolAllah ﷺ ki ek Hadis Sharif hai ki aakhri daur mein Salam kum se kum ho jaege aur sirf wo log jo ek dusre ko jantey hoge Salam karege. Ab aisa daur hai aur ye bhi RasoolAllah ﷺka muajaza hai. Isiliye darquast hai hum musalman hai, hum mu’min hai, humein ek dusre ko Salam karna chahiye.
Wa min Allahi at-Taufiq Al Fatiha